??????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????. ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????????. ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????. ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ?????????.

1. ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????: ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? (????) ???????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????. ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? 40% ?????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????. 2. ??? ????? ?????: ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ±0.02 ?? ????? ????? ???? 0.01 ??. ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????. 3. ???? ??????? ???????? ?????: ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? 150,000 ????. ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? (????? ??????? ???????) ???????? (??????? ???????? ??????) ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????. ?. ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????: ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????? ??????. ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????.

1. ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? (?? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????). ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? 42CrMo ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? 48 ?55 ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? 980 ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? 2.6 ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????. ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? (≤0.5% ??? 8000 ???? ????? ??? ????? ????????)? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? (????? 45-50%)? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????. ?. ????? ???? ??? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ±?.?? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ?.??-?.?? ??. ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ±?.? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??-???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????. ?. ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??,??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? - ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? - ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??? ?????. 4. ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ISO ???????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??? 99.8%? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????.

1. ?????? ???????? ????? ??????: ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????. ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? 1200 ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? 950 ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? 40% ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????. ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????????. ?. ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ?????: ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ???. ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ±?.?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????. 3. ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????: ???? ???? 18 ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? 4000 ??? ????? ?8 ???? ????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? 12 ?????. ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? 150,000 ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????. 4. ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????????: ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????????. ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????.

1. ????? ???? ????? ???????: ???? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? Mn13/Mn18 ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? 55 ?60 ???? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? 35% ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????. ?. ???? ??????? ?????? ????????: ????????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ±?.?? ??. ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????. 3. ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????????: ????? ???? 14 ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? 4000 ??? ????? ?18 ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????? ?6 ???? ????? ???? ???????. ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? 150,000 ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??? ?????. 4. ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????: ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ?? 30 ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????.

1. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ±0.02 ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????. 2. ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ≥980 ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? HRC58-62 ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????. 3. ????????? ?? ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? 38%? ??? ???? ????? ?? 20,000 ????. ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????. 4. ???? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? 30 ???? ??? ?????.

1. ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????. ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? 35SiMn ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? 56-62 ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? 40-50 ???? ???? ???????. ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ±0.05 ??? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. 2. ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????: ???? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????????. 3. ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????: ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????????.

1. ???? ????? ??????? ?????????: ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? 2. ?? ??????? ?????????: ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????? 3. ????? ?????? ?????? ???????: ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????.

????? ?????? ????????: ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? 280 ?320 ?????. ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? 20% ???????. ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????: ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? (?????? ?????? ????????) ??? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? 0.02 ??. ????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? 12% ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? 15% ??????? ???? ????????. ???? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????: ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? 24 ???? ??? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ???????. ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????: ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????. ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????. ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? 40 ???? ??? ??????. ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.